Faculty of Computer and Informatics

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The digital divide in India: Which universality approach is ideal for gujarat state of India?
(2014) Mayoka Kituyi, Geoffrey; Kabaale, Edward; Nakabonge, Fatinah; Mbarika, Irene; Balunywa, Luqman; Mbarika, Victor W.
Information Communication Technology is increasingly becoming beneficial to humankind, given the latest developments. Today, there is so much potential to the extent that using ICTs, we are able to communicate, conduct financial transactions such as cash deposits and withdrawals at banks, money transfers, pay school fees and other bills using mobile phones. However, most, of these technologies are within few hands. The gap between those who have and those who do not have access to these technologies in India is on the increase. This study used a qualitative research approach to explore the digital divide challenge in India’s state of Gujarat. The study also examined the approaches that had been undertaken to address the digital divide challenge. Findings indicate that the digital divide in Gujarat state affects people irrespective of gender, age group, location, literacy level, income and physical ability. The approaches used to mitigate the digital divide and enhance universality were identified as Call Centres, Internet Kiosks, Bhoomi Projects, Gyandoot Projects, Warana Wired Village Projects, Common Service Centers, Social Media, Drishtee Projects, Gyandoot Projects and Village Knowledge Centres. However, the use of Call Centres, Internet Kiosks, Drishtee Projects and Gyandoot Projects were found to be the most suitable approaches for addressing different forms of the digital divide. Findings further reveal that no single approach can address all forms of the digital divide. Therefore, we recommend the use of a set of approaches in order to address the digital divide and foster Universality.
Requirements engineering process improvement challenges faced by software SMEs in uganda
(2014-02-05) Kabaale, Edward; Mayoka Kituyi, Geoffrey; Mbarika, Irene
Despite the numerous benefits of Requirements Engineering Process Improvement, many Ugandan software developing companies seem not to properly conduct it. This has implications on the quality of software being produced by these organizations. Moreover, little research has been conducted to establish the challenges being faced by the Small and Medium Enterprises that produce software in Uganda. This study examines the challenges of requirements engineering process improvement in Ugandan SME software companies with an aim of coming up with recommendations for improving the quality of software produced by Ugandan SME software companies. A qualitative research approach was used where four software producing companies in Uganda were selected to participate as case studies. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze data. The main challenges hindering successful Requirements Engineering Process Improvement were identified as ambiguous requirements from the clients, lack of user’s involvement and lack of management support. The study recommends that for successful Requirements Engineering Process Improvement in Ugandan software companies, there should be training, user involvement and establishment of proper change management strategies.
The role of information communication technology (ICT) small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in job creation in Kampala, Uganda
(Peak Journals, 2013-11-07) Nyeko, Sonny; Kabaale, Edward; Moya, Musa; Amulen, Christine; Mayoka Kituyi, Geoffrey
This study examined the role of information communication technology (ICT) small and medium enterprises (SMEs) toward job creation in Kampala Uganda through a quantitative survey research design. The study mainly centered on the jobs created by small and medium size enterprises that provided ICT service and/or ICT based products. Primary data were collected using a pretested questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Findings indicate that airtime retailing, phone repair and mobile money created most of the jobs (34, 19 and 17% respectively). Majority of ICT SMEs (73%) employed 1-5 people and most jobs created were for Technicians (40%) and Sales representatives (35%) while very few of the jobs were in software development (2%). The findings further indicate that 75% of the jobs created were in lower level of the management hierarchy while only 8% were top level jobs. In terms of salary, most employees of ICT SMEs in Kampala earned Ush.100,000- Ush.200,000 a month (43%), while only 5% earned Ush.1M and above.
A theoretical framework for requirements engineering and process improvement in small and medium software companies
(2014) Kabaale, Edward; Mayoka Kituyi, Geoffrey
Requirements engineering (RE) and process improvement has been identified as one of the key factors for improving software quality. Despite this, little scholarly work has been done on developing ways to improve the RE process. The situation of RE and process improvement is even worse in small and medium enterprises that produce software. Consequently, the quality of software being produced by these companies has kept deteriorating. The purpose of this paper is to design a framework that will help small and medium software companies improve their RE processes in order to compete favorably with larger software companies, more especially in terms of software quality. Design/methodology/approach – A qualitative research approach was adapted. Four software companies in Uganda were purposively selected to participate in the study. Data were collected using questionnaires. The requirements for designing the framework were gathered and refined from both primary and secondary data. Findings – The key requirements for process improvement in small and medium software companies were identified as user involvement, use of evolutionary requirements engineering process improvement (REPI) strategy, change management, training and education, management support and commitment. Practical implications – The designed framework was validated to ensure that it can be applied in RE and process improvement in small and medium software companies. Validation results show that the proposed framework is applicable and can be used to improve RE and process improvement in small and medium software companies. Originality/value – The paper presents an improvement of the systematic approach to REPI by Kabaale and Nabukenya which is decomposed for easy understanding by non-technical readers and users.
Using ICTs to disseminate agricultural marketing information to small scale rural farmers in Western Uganda
(2014) Miwanda, Albert; Kabaale, Edward; Mayoka Kituyi, Geoffrey
Although ICT has been extensively used in agriculture in the developed world for agricultural marketing information dissemination, the same cannot be claimed in developing countries. Hence this study sought to explore the extent to which Information and Communication Technologies enhances small scale rural farmer’s access to Agricultural marketing information in western Uganda. This is due to the fact that majority of small scale farmers in Uganda have limited access to market information and usually rely on information from traders (middlemen) who usually twist the information in their favor in order to exploit the farmers. A mixed research approach was used in this study for data collection where a total of 280 farmers, 2 sub county agricultural officials and 3 agriculture facilitators in Millennium Villages Project (Ruhiira) staff members were purposively selected in this study. The study yielded a 75% response rate and the data collected were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). It was established that most respondents preferred Radio followed by cell phones as their sources of agricultural marketing information for their produce. Television and computer were the least preferred sources of market information by the respondents. The study also found out that most farmers use agricultural marketing information accessed through ICTs as a base for bargaining with buyers for their farm produce.
Validation of a systematic approach to requirements engineering process improvement in SMEs in a design science framework
(2014-12) Kabaale, Edward; Amulen, Christine; Mayoka Kituyi, Geoffrey
Requirements Engineering (RE) acts as a conduit between the needs of system users and the capabilities of software produced. Because of this, many Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) have been tempted to invest in improving corresponding processes. Regrettably though, many process improvement approaches for RE do not meet SMEs' needs and are often hard to apply in these companies especially in transitional countries such as Uganda. This study therefore, presents a validation of a Systematic Approach to Requirements Engineering Process Improvement that can be used to enable RE process improvement in SME software companies in transitional countries. The validation was conducted following a design science research approach where four (4) case organizations were used. From the study, it is reported that the approach is indeed easy to use, understandable and is applicable to all kinds of SMEs that would wish to conduct RE process improvement.

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