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Social Norms and Tax Compliance among Small Business Enterprises in Uganda
(Makerere University Business School, 2009-08) Nabaweesi, Jennifer
The study was prompted by the high and alarming rates of non-tax compliance among Small Business Enterprises in Uganda. The reason of this study was therefore to establish the relationship between Social Norms, Taxpayers’ Morale and Tax Compliance among Small Business Enterprises in Uganda. To achieve the above purpose, a cross-sectional research design together with the explanatory research design and analytical research design were used in the survey. The survey population included Small Business Enterprises operating in Kampala district. Purposive and simple random sampling methods were used to select samples used in the study. Self-administered questionnaires were used to collect data from SBEs. Data was collected from 235 respondents. Data was analysed using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Scientist). The study found that Social Norms, Taxpayers’ Morale and Tax Compliance are significantly correlated. Hence, putting in place deliberate strategies aimed at improving these soft elements would yield high levels of Tax Compliance among Small Business Enterprises. The study also recommended that the tax assessment procedures should be improved to enhance trust of the government, Uganda Revenue Authority should establish harmonious working relationship with all stakeholders, and there should be massive sensitization programmes to increase awareness and educate the public as well as remind them that they are partners as opposed to mere subjects who must pay. Once Uganda Revenue Authority adopts this stance, they are likely to be perceived as more accountable and trustable and the tax paying public will most likely comply in its obligation to pay.
Leasing Competence, Lease Structure and Perceived Performance of SMEs in Uganda
(Makerere University Business School, 2009-10) Kampumure, Joseph
Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) make up approximately 90 per cent of Uganda’s private sector and contribute two-thirds of national income. In Uganda, leasing has bridged the current financing gap experienced by SMEs, and efforts have been made to improve the leasing competences of SME Managers yet many more SMEs close shop annually. This empirical study sought to establish the relationship between leasing competence, lease structure and perceived performance of SMEs. The research adopted a cross sectional study combined with quantitative approach. A sample one hundred and thirty two (132) SMEs located in Kampala district was conveniently selected. The data was collected using a questionnaire filled in by SME managers and analyzed using SPSS11.0 and excel software. It was found that there is a significant positive relationship between leasing competence and lease structure, which means that the higher the leasing competence of lessee manager, the more favorable the negotiated lease structure of the lease contract. The study results also showed that there a significant positive relationship between leasing competence and perceived performance. This means that leasing competence of lessee manager leads to improved perceived performance of SMEs. The analysis revealed that there is a significant positive relationship between lease structure and perceived performance, meaning that the more favorable lease structure, higher the perceived performance of lessee SMEs. Regression of leasing competence and lease structure on perceived performance showed that only the latter has a significant prediction on SME performance.
Financial management practices, competitive advantage and loan performance of MFIS in Uganda
(Makerere University Business School Institutional Repository, 2014-09-01) Brendah, Akankunda
The study examined the relationship between financial management practices, competitive advantage and loan performance of MFIS in Kampala region. The study aimed at investigating the cause of a sharp rise in loan defaults in loan performance. A conceptual frame work was developed relating financial management practices (Risk management, Working capital management and Budgeting) The motivation of this study was the fact that the Bank of Uganda and other stakeholders had directed their effort towards improving the performance of MFIS. Despite this, Bank of Uganda had highlighted declining loan performance of MFIS in Uganda. The research adopted a blend of cross sectional and descriptive research design and simple random sampling was used for the study. The population included 84 MFIS from which a sample of 70 was obtained. A simple random sampling technique was used. Primary data was obtained from 61 MFIS, providing a response rate of 87%. The data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire with perceptions and beliefs sought to a five point Likert scale. The data obtained were analysed using factor, correlation, regression and Normality tests. From the analyses, it was established that, financial management practices, competitive advantage have significant and positive effect on loan performance of MFIS with a total contribution of 43%. In reference to the findings of the Study, the researcher concluded that a significant positive relationship existed between financial management practices, competitive advantage and loan performance of MFIS in Kampala region. As such recommendations were made in line with improving and enhancing the financial management practices and competition of these MFIS such as risk management and working capital gaps assessment in order to achieve a competitive advantage for MFIS products for future loan performance. MFIS strategies to minimize losses require effective Bank management practices that may reduce poor loan performance.
Financial Management Practices, Competitive advantage and loan performance of MFIS in Uganda
(Makerere University Business School, 2014-09-15) Akankunda, Brendah
The study examined the relationship between financial management practices, competitive advantage and loan performance of MFIS in Kampala region. The study aimed at investigating the cause of a sharp rise in loan defaults in loan performance. A conceptual frame work was developed relating financial management practices (Risk management, Working capital management and Budgeting) The motivation of this study was the fact that the Bank of Uganda and other stakeholders had directed their effort towards improving the performance of MFIS. Despite this, Bank of Uganda had highlighted declining loan performance of MFIS in Uganda. The research adopted a blend of cross sectional and descriptive research design and simple random sampling was used for the study. The population included 84 MFIS from which a sample of 70 was obtained. A simple random sampling technique was used. Primary data was obtained from 61 MFIS, providing a response rate of 87%. The data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire with perceptions and beliefs sought to a five point Likert scale. The data obtained were analysed using factor, correlation, regression and Normality tests. From the analyses, it was established that, financial management practices, competitive advantage have significant and positive effect on loan performance of MFIS with a total contribution of 43%. In reference to the findings of the Study, the researcher concluded that a significant positive relationship existed between financial management practices, competitive advantage and loan performance of MFIS in Kampala region. As such recommendations were made in line with improving and enhancing the financial management practices and competition of these MFIS such as risk management and working capital gaps assessment in order to achieve a competitive advantage for MFIS products for future loan performance. MFIS strategies to minimize losses require effective Bank management practices that may reduce poor loan performance.
Quality of financial information, inventory management and financial performance in small and medium enterprises
(Makerere University Business School, 2014-10) Akurut, Lovince
The study aimed at establishing the relationship between quality of financial information, inventory management and financial performance of SMEs in Kampala. Despite the continuous production of financial information as required by SMEs as required by IRFS for SMEs (2010) and Accounting Regulations (1998), there has been misuse of resources and poor financial performance. The question would be whether quality of financial information, inventory management had any impact on the financial performance of SMEs in Kampala? The researcher adopted a blend of cross-sectional and descriptive research designs and a stratified random sampling of SMEs in Kampala. A research questionnaire that addressed quality attributes of financial information was to test and inventory management for validity and reliability and this was administered to collect primary data. Secondary data on financial performance was collected from SMEs in Kampala. It was discovered that there was no significant relationship between quality of financial information and a significant positive relationship between inventory management and financial performance in SMEs. The effect of quality of financial information, inventory management to financial performance was examined by use of Ordinarily Least Squares (OLS) regression model. Overall, the model explains 11.3% of the variation in financial performance. The model indicates that inventory management was a significant predictor of financial performance in SMEs. The study recommends that SMEs’ should put effort on effective inventory management in terms inventory planning; control and monitoring in order improve the financial performance of the enterprise.
Financial Management Practices, Financial Accountability and Value for Money Performance of the Capitation Grant
(Makerere University Business School, 2014-11) Asiimwe, M. Samuel
As part of strategies to universalization of education, UN Millennium Development Goals and the Education for all goals, the government of Uganda launched the capitation grant policy for Universal secondary Education schools in 2007 at a pa capita rate of 41,000/= for every student. However there has been continued public outcry and audit queries raised by Auditor General and the IGG on the usage of this Grant and this provoked the undertaking of this research study. The purpose of this study was therefore to examine the relationship between Value For Money performance of the capitation grant in USE Schools with respect to the financial management practices and financial accountability.The study wasguided by the objectives to examine the status of financial management practices (FMPs), financial accountability andValue For Money Performance ofthe capitation grant and to examine the relationship between the study variables. A cross sectional research design of both quantitative and qualitative approaches was selected for this study. Bothprimary and secondary data sources were used. Data was collected using a self-administered close ended questionnaire, Interview guide and review of the selected documents and periodic reports. Collected data was sorted, edited and analyzed using a Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS), in which Descriptive statistics, Factor Analysis, Correlation and Regression tests were all run to establish the status and relationship between the study variables. The findings of the study revealeda positive and significant relationship between Financial Accountability (FA) and Value for money (r =0.681, p<0.01) and regression results showed that the model explains 43.0% of the variations in VFM performance of the USE Capitation Grant. Having known the significance of FMP and FA, the researcher recommended that USE Schools need to ensurefor continuousreview of FMPs and FAin operationin order for the government of Uganda to achieve VFM performance of Capitation Grants in the USE Schools
Improving on the loan portfolio performance in orient bank limited
(Makerere University Business School, 2014-11) Adong, Naome
Lending is the principal business activity for most commercial bank that has attracted a lot of investment in the banking sector across the globe. However, the lending activity has suffered significant losses and drop in profit due to continued economic slowdown, leading to poor portfolio performances which continue to prevail among financial institutions in Uganda. There has been less attention given to address the effect of portfolio performance, Hence the need for the study with the aim of improving loan portfolio performance with reference to Orient Bank Limited. Emphasis was put on the bank’s lending process, assessment of the banks loan portfolio performance and the measures adopted to improve loan portfolio performance. The study used cross sectional and descriptive research design. The population of the study was 62 employees from which 59 employees were selected to constitute the sample size. The selection was based on Krejcie and Morgan (1970). Sampling method applied was simple random sampling to pick employees from each branch. The data for study consisted of primary data which was collected from the bank using questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS version to derive descriptive statistics. Later presented in form of tables to draw conclusion and meaning out of the data presented. The findings revealed that the bank has the best lending process and procedures with mean values of 4.51 and standard deviation .458. The loan portfolio performance is poor as mean figures of the performance is 3.52 and standard deviation is .654. While measures adopted to improve the bank’s portfolio performance is good since it scored a mean value of 4.51 and standard deviation of .385. The bank needs to improve on its loan portfolio performance by evaluating on lending process/procedures and adopt appropriate techniques to improve on portfolio quality and performance.
Financial service outreach correlates Managerial competence and risk-taking behaviour
(Emerald Insight, 2015-03-30) Nkundabanyanga, Korutaro, Stephen; Opiso, Julius; Balunywa, Waswa
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to establish the relationship between managerial competence, managerial risk-taking behaviour and financial service outreach of microfinance institutions (MFIs). Design/methodology/approach – In this cross-sectional and correlational study, the authors surveyed 52 branches of MFIs from a population of 60 branches of 20 MFIs in eastern Uganda. Two respondents, a branch manager and a senior loan officer, were the units of enquiry for each branch. The authors put forward and tested four hypotheses relating to the significance of the relationship between perceived managerial competence, risk-taking behaviour and financial service outreach using SPSS version 20. The authors established the hypothesized relationships using Pearson correlation coefficients and obtain a mediating effect of risk-taking behaviour using partial corrections and regression analysis. Findings – The results suggest positive and significant relationships between perceived managerial competence, risk-taking behaviour and financial service outreach. However, while the direct relationship between managerial competence and financial service outreach without the mediation effect of risk-taking behaviour of managers was found to be significant, its magnitude reduces when mediation of risk-taking behaviour is allowed. Thus the entire effect does not only go through managerial competence but majorly also, through risk-taking behaviour of managers. Research limitations/implications – This study did not control for environmental factors such as laws and regulations. As such the model may have been under fitted. Nevertheless, the study has introduced a clearer understanding that outreach performance in MFIs rests with competent managers in strategic positions operating in synergy with their risk-taking behaviour. The study informs policy makers that outreach performance of the MFIs depends on the quality of the competence managers have in addition to their risk-taking propensities. Practical implications – Efforts by the stakeholders to improve financial service outreach must be matched with appropriate competences and risk-taking behaviour of managers. Originality/value – The results contribute to extant literature by investigating two explanatory variables for financial service outreach and provide initial evidence of the mediating effect of intrinsic high risk-taking behaviour of managers. Results add to the conceptual improvement in risk-taking behaviour and lend considerable support for the behavioural perspective in the study of financial service outreach of MFIs.
Corporate governance, accountability and organisational performance of selected government agencies in Uganda
(Makerere University Business School Institutional Repository, 2015-06-01) Nimanya, Abas
The study attempted to explore and explain the relationship between corporate governance, accountability and organisational performance of selected government agencies in Uganda. Across-sectional quantitative survey design was used to collect data from selected government agencies. A sample size of 80 agencies was drawn from a population of 101 agencies basing on Krejcie & Morgan (1970). 61 public agencies were responsive from the sample size of 80 agencies. A self-administered Questionnaire was used to collect and analyze data using a statistical package for social scientists (SPSS) software. The findings revealed significant positive correlations between corporate governance, accountability and organisational performance. The findings revealed that corporate governance and accountability predict about 41.8% of organizational performance. These findings have both policy and managerial implications. The policy makers should put in place policy guidelines that enhance organizational performance. Management ought to enhance accountability through training, coaching and regular meetings that improve on organizational performance. The study recommends that governments‟ agencies should recruit employees who have proven accountability background and appropriate competences that enhance organizational performance.
Tax payers’ Attitude, Social Norms and Tax Compliance among small & medium enterprises in Arua district
(2015-07) Anguzu, Moses
The purpose of the study was to examine the relationship between tax payers’ attitude, social norms, taxpayers’ intention and tax compliance among SMEs in Uganda. A cross sectional design was used. Data was gathered using a self-administered structured questionnaire. Respondents in SMEs from the various areas of Arua District filled the questionnaire. The respondents’ were 218 and data was analyzed using SPSS. The study revealed that tax payers’ intention is significantly positively related to tax compliance; there was a significant positive relationship between taxpayers’ attitude and taxpayers’ intention and also social norms and taxpayers’ intention were significantly positively related. The report concludes that taxpayers’ intention influences SMEs’ behavior to pay taxes. Indeed, intention was the main focus of the present study because previous studies on tax often neglected this variable as an important agent that could influence tax compliance behaviour. Taxpayers’ attitude in terms of behavioral beliefs and outcome evaluations affect the level of Compliance intention of SMEs where by a taxpayer with positive attitudes toward tax evasion is expected to be less compliant than a taxpayer with negative attitudes. Also social norms in terms of normative beliefs and motivation to comply affect the level of compliance intention of SMEs. This implied that if a person believes that the most important referents or individuals to him/her think that the behaviour should be performed, then he/she will perform that behaviour
Innovation, Export Commitment and performance of Coffee Producers, Processors and Exporting Firms in Uganda
(Makerere University Business school, 2017) Shafie, Abdirashid Ali
This study was carried out to examine the relationship between innovation, export commitment and export performance of Coffee producers, processors and exporting firms in Uganda. Specifically, it sought to establish how innovation and export commitment relate with export performance Coffee producers, processors and exporting firms in Uganda. The study adopted a correlational research design to establish the relationship between dependent and independent variables of the study. Data was collected from respondents by use of questionnaires. Simple random sampling techniques were used to select 36 firms out of the study population of 43 coffee exporting firms. Pearson correlations and multiple regression analysis were used to establish the relationship among the study variables. The correlations revealed that there was a statistically significant positive relationship between innovation r=.535, p-value<.005), export commitment, r=.677, p-value<.005,) and export performance of coffee export firms in Uganda. The general implication was about innovation and export commitment practices have a statistically significant positive effect on the export performance of Coffee producers, processors and export firms. In addition, multiple regression analysis was also carried out and revealed innovation is the most significant predictor to export performance of Coffee producer processing and export firms. Its relationship with export performance of coffee producer processing and exporting firms innovation explains 41.9% of variation in the export performance of coffee producer processing and exporting firms in Uganda; while the whole regression model explains 42%. Further the study was adopted mediation test so as to establish if export commitment mediates on the relationship between innovation and export performance of coffee exports in Uganda. However, result of the mediating test was revealed that export commitment was partially mediated on the relationship between innovation and export performance. The study findings were therefore recommended that managers of coffee producers, processors and exporting firms in Uganda should concentrate more on innovation and export commitment in order to enhance their export performance since two of these factors have a significant relation to good export performance.
Business Risk Management, Capital Structure and Financial Performance of Small and Medium Enterprises (SME’S) under Uganda women Entrepreneurs’ Association Limited (UWEAL)
(Makerere University Business School, 2018-10) Nambajjwe, Priscilla
The study was prompted by the escalating poor financial performance of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Uganda as reported by the findings of the Private Sector Foundation of Uganda. SMEs which were registered by Uganda Women Entrepreneurs Association Limited formed the units of inquiry because they were registered and totaled to 157 in number. The study used a cross sectional design which involved both analytical and descriptive analysis, with samples selected using simple random sampling. The research questionnaires were analyzed using the statistical package for social scientists and relationships established using regression models as well as descriptions of the factors affecting the variables using factor analysis. The findings of the study showed a significant and positive relationship between business risk management and financial performance as well as a positive relationship between capital structure and financial performance of SMEs. The overall Adjusted R Square was 19.5% implying that the department variable was explained by the independent variables up to 19.5% and 80.5% of the changes in the dependent variable could be explained by exogenous factors outside the model. The study recommended the need for a proactive business risk management and optimum leverage of the capital structure for investment decisions made by SMEs as well as periodic monitoring and measurement of financial performance at given intervals.
Firm Characteristics, Innovation, and Financial Resilience under Austerity and Survival of Financial Institutions in Uganda
(Makerere University Business School, 2018-10) Mugumya, Elizabeth
Globally, the survival of firms is a much sought after by business managers and other stakeholders because of its underlying benefits in creating value for key stakeholders of a firm including boards, policy makers, regulatory agencies, shareholders, staff, suppliers and customers. However, it has remained elusive as statistics indicate that several giants such as Lehman Brothers and Enron collapsed partly due to their failure to manage shocks and uncertainties. Uganda is not an exception either as several indigenous firms have gone out of business, put under receiverships, forming mergers and others sold off. Faced with this uncertainty, a study was initiated to explore the relationship between firm characteristics, innovation, financial resilience under austerity and survival of financial institutions in Uganda. Specifically, the study was guided by the objectives of identifying the relationship between firm characteristics and survival of financial institutions, establishing the relationship between innovation and survival, assessing the relationship between financial resilience under austerity and survival of financial institutions, ascertaining the relationship between firm characteristics, innovation and financial resilience under austerity among financial institutions as well examining the combined relationship between firm characteristics, innovation, financial resilience under austerity and survival of financial institutions. The study employed a cross sectional research design in which views from CEO/General Managers, Operational officers, Chief finance officers and Risk officers from 44 financial institutions were sampled of which 21 banks, 4 MDIs and 15 insurance companies successfully responded giving a response rate of 40 (90.9%). Both descriptive statistics of mean and standard deviation as well as inferential statistics of correlation and regression analysis were used in the interpretation and analysis of the study findings. In addition, quantitative approach was also used in which numerical data was used to interpret the study findings. The findings found that unlike firm size, number of branches, employees and number of products, firm characteristics of turnover and category significantly relate to firm’s survival. Innovation is also predictive of firm survival. Financial resilience under austerity was significantly and positively related to firm survival. Moreover, the study findings revealed that a combination of firm characteristics, firm innovation and financial resilience under austerity explained a significant contribution in the survival chances among financial institutions. The mediating effect of financial resilience under austerity was found to be significant only with innovation. It was recommended that managers should put much effort on designing mechanisms aimed at boosting growth in turnover, invest in innovation and should devote much effort to increase their level of financial robustness if they are to remain in business
Internal Controls, Managerial Competence and Financial Accountability in Technical and Vocational Institutions in Uganda
(Makerere University Business School, 2018-10) Baganzi, Amin
The purpose of the study was to establish the relationship between internal controls, managerial competence and financial accountability in technical and vocational institutions in Uganda. Internal control and managerial competence were the independent variables while financial accountability was the dependent variable. The study was guided by the following objectives: to examine the relationship between internal controls and financial accountability, to examine the relationship between managerial competence and financial accountability, to examine the predictive power of internal controls and managerial competence on financial accountability the study adopted a cross sectional survey design to study internal controls, managerial competence and financial accountability in technical and vocational institutions in Uganda. Primary data was collected using self-administered questionnaire issued to the respondents. The study population consisted of 128 respondents drawn from the technical and vocational institutions in Uganda. A sample of 97 was reached using Morgan and kreijcie table. Only 81 questionnaires were used for the analysis out of the 97 that were distributed to the respondents. Data was analyzed using statistical package for social scientists (SPSS) package and Pearson correlation coefficient was used to measure the strength of relationships between the variables understudy. The findings obtained revealed that there was a positive and significant relationship between internal control, managerial competence and financial accountability in technical and vocational training institutions in Uganda.
Transparency and Accountability among Public Sector Entities in Bukavu (East of DRC)
(Makerere University Business School, 2018-10) Ampa, Nasima Richard
The purpose of this study was to establish the relationship between transparency, access to information and accountability among Public Sector Entities in Bukavu (a city located in the eastern part of DRC). The study was guided by four research objectives: (i) to examine the relationship between transparency and accountability; (ii) to examine the relationship between transparency and access to information; (iii) to examine the relationship between access to information and accountability and (iv) to examine the relationship between transparency, access to information and accountability. A quantitative cross-sectional research design was adopted to conduct the study. Primary data was collected on 236 Public Servants using self-administered questionnaires. The collected data was aggregated to provide information on 59 Public Sector Entities. Data was analyzed using the software SPSS 20. Both correlation analysis and hierarchical regression were used to analyze the relationships between the study variables. The study found out a perceived relatively high degree of transparency, access to information and accountability among Public Sector Entities in Bukavu. The results also pointed out positive and significant correlations between transparency and accountability, between transparency and access to information and, between access to information and accountability. Transparency had a positive and significant effect on accountability; whereas access to information had a positive but not significant effect on accountability. Consequently, the relationship between transparency, access to information and accountability was not significant. It was therefore concluded that transparency alone was sufficient to explain accountability among Public Sector Entities in Bukavu. These results were discussed according to the existing literature. Recommendations drawn from this study included improving online disclosure by equipping Public Sector Entities with websites; regular disclosure of financial statements by Public Sector Entities in Bukavu; adoption of a law that guarantees access to public sector information; organizing awareness campaigns for the population and exposing scandals of misuse of public resources in the local media.
Tax Administration, Tax Fairness and Tax Compliance: A case of Small scale Enterprises in Wakiso District
(Makerere University Business School, 2018-10) Muhire, Emmanuel
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between tax administration, tax fairness and tax compliance of SMEs in Wakiso. The study was guided by the following research objectives; to examine the relationship between Tax Administration and Tax Fairness among SMEs in Wakiso District; to examine the relationship between Tax Fairness and Tax compliance among SMEs in Wakiso District and to investigate the relationship between Tax administration and Tax Compliance among SMEs in Wakiso district. This study took a cross sectional research design where a sample of 292 SMEs was selected for the study. Primary data was collected using the questionnaire. The data was collected using interview and questionnaires. Data was analyzed using SPSS (20) package and descriptive, correlation, and regression analysis were carried out. Findings revealed that there was a significant positive relationship between all the study variables tax administration, tax fairness and tax compliance. Results from the regression analysis showed that tax administration and tax fairness significantly predicted 33.6% of tax compliance of SMEs. The study recommends for improvement in tax fairness among SMEs so as to achieve excellent tax compliance levels, the tax authorities at the district should continuously sensitize the public or tax payers about taxation, periodic consultative sessions should be organized for both tax payers and tax authorities, giving accountability to the tax payers, the tax authorities should continuously train their employees, a survey should be organized by the tax authorities on the tax fairness and tax compliance and that the tax compliance procedures should be simplified because in most cases they are found to be very complicated for SMES. In addition, URA need to continuously review their tax administration systems to meet the dynamic environmental changes and URA should increase tax fairness among the SMEs in Wakiso
An Assessment of Mobile Banking Adoption by customers of Ugafode Microfinance Limited (MDI)
(MUBS, 2019-11-28) Lwanga Ronald Williams
Technological advancements in the financial services sector have led to significant changes in the banking behavior. Mobile banking (m-banking) is an innovative product that has been advanced as way to reduce and manage banking affairs efficiently. Understanding the primary determinants ofm-banking adoption by customers is significant for banks, financial institutions and other users. This study is aimed at determining the factors affecting mobile banking adoption and usage by customers at UGAFODE Microfinance Ltd (MDI). The research was guided by three research questions: What are the factors that encourage adoption of mobile banking by customers? What are the challenges hindering the adoption of mobile banking in UGAFODE Microfinance Limited (MDI) and what strategies should be adopted to improve the adoption of mobile banking at UGAFODE Microfinance Limited? The study employed a quantitative design. 174 questionnaires were distributed to UGAFODE customers registered on mobile banking ranging from those who are active to non-active customers. Primary data was collected by administering questionnaires to the respondents who arc customers. Statistical tools like Excel and Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS) software were used to analyze the data and draw conclusions. Data analyzed was presented 1n form of tables. From the 174 questionnaires that where distributed 173 were successfully returned. Each variable \\ as measured using 5-point Liken-scale. The results suggested that Perceived risk, Trust, perceived usefulness, Perceived ease of use are the determining factors that influence customer's ability to adopt mobile banking. From the findings. it is recommended from the findings that UGAFODE Microfinance Limited strengthen security and privacy on the mobile banking platform to improve their confidence levels to adopt and use of mobile banking. In addition, the institution should put in place training mechanisms for customers on how to use the mobile banking service. Lastly, UGAFODE should provide for customers about the products and services to empower staff in terms of the product knowledge.
Relational capital, access to finance and business growth of women-owned bakeries in Kampala-Uganda
(Makerere University Business School, 2021-09-03) Zawadi, Alice Peter
Empirical evidence has shown that relational capital and access to finance are major determinants of business growth. However, little is known about the effect of such variables on business growth of women owned enterprises in Uganda. This study attempts to fill this gap. Using primary data collected from a sample of 108 selected licensed women owned bakeries situated in Kampala, Uganda, the relationship between relational capital and business growth of women owned bakeries was studied. In addition, the effect of access to finance on business growth of the women owned bakeries was also investigated. Furthermore, the study also explored the mediating effect of access to finance in the relationship between relational capital and business growth of women owned bakeries. The study used the ordinary least squares model estimation technique to achieve the research objectives. The findings indicated that relational capital through its measures of customer capital, supplier capital, and employee capital positively and significantly affect business growth. Specifically, and increase in customer relational capital increases business growth by 31 percent while an increase in supplier and employee relational capital increases business growth by 30 percent and 24 percent respectively. Regarding access to finance, the results revealed a negative and statistically significant relationship between cost of financing and business growth. The results indicate that an increase in the cost of finance reduces business growth by 27 percent. On the contrary, results indicated a positive and statistically significant relationship between the source of capital and business growth. An increase in the sources of capital by one unit increases business growth by 18 percent. Similarly, there is a positive and statistically significant relationship between possession of collateral requirement and business growth. An increase in collateral requirement owned by women in business increases business growth by 24 percent. The findings show no mediating role of access to finance in the relationship between relational capital and business growth. Overall, the findings suggest that women in business ought to implement strategies or measures geared towards improving relational capital while emphasizing the role of customer, supplier and employee relational capital. This implies that business relational capital in comparison to social relational capital is what matters most for women owned business growth. In reference to access to finance, the results imply that the cost of financing, collateral requirement and source of capital are key to growth of women owned businesses. These findings imply women should consider soliciting funds from cheaper sources if their businesses are to grow. Future studies may consider examining how relational capital and access to finance affects the survival of women owned businesses in Uganda.
Environmental Management Practices, Intellectual Capital, and Sustainability Performance of Manufacturing Firms in Uganda.
(2023) Ainomugisha, Ritah
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between environmental management practices, intellectual capital, and the sustainability performance of manufacturing firms in Uganda. The study adopted a cross-sectional research design combined with a descriptive and correlational research approach. The study population was 606 manufacturing firms, from which a sample of 234 firms was selected. Complete and usable questionnaires were solicited from 161 respondents, indicating a 70% response rate. The data were analysed using factor analysis, correlation, and regression. The study findings show that environmental management practices and intellectual capital are significant predictors of sustainability performance, predicting 58.5% of the variance in sustainability performance. Sustainability performance can improve if manufacturing firms prioritize investment in the development and enhancement of their intellectual capital, most especially human capital, and adopt sustainable and eco-friendly practices through the integration of environmental considerations into product and service development processes. This study contributes to the literature by providing empirical evidence of the link between environmental management practices, intellectual capital, and the sustainability performance of manufacturing firms in a developing country context. Owing to the study’s focus on manufacturing firms in Uganda, results may not be able to represent the perceptions of accountants of all companies in Uganda or other countries and further research is recommended to explore the perceptions of accountants in different industry sectors or countries to obtain a more comprehensive understanding of the relationship between environmental management practices, intellectual capital, and sustainability performance.
Working Capital Management, Intellectual Capital and Financial Performance of Hotels in Kampala.
(2023) Atai, Petrolina
The study was carried out was to examine the relationship between working capital management, intellectual capital and financial performance of hotels in Kampala. The study objectives were; to examine the relationship between working capital management and financial performance of hotels in Kampala, to examine the relationship between intellectual capital and financial performance of hotels in Kampala, to examine the combined relationship between working capital management, intellectual capital and financial performance of hotels in Kampala. The study used the cross- sectional and quantitative research design. Data was collected using a self-administered questionnairefrom104 hotels. The Statistical Package for Social Scientists was used in analyzing the data. Correlation and regression analysis was also used. The study found out that the results in table 4.4 indicate that there is a positive and significant (r= .505, p<.01) relationship between working capital and financial performance. This implies that improving working capital management practices through having proper records on all working capital items, utilization of cash discounts when making purchases and putting in place proper safeguards against inventory will be associated with an improvement in the profitability and liquidity of hotels. The purpose of this research was to report results of a study carried out to examine the relationship between working capital management, intellectual capital and financial performance of hotels in Kampala. The findings from the study revealed that working capital management and intellectual capital positively and significantly influence financial performance. Intellectual capital has a higher prediction rate as compared to working capital management implying that more emphasis should be put on Intellectual Capital to have a greater improvement in financial performance. For effective running of hotels, having employees who are knowledgeable about their work and maintaining good business relationships with customers will attract more customers to the hotels who will be willing to make payments for the services offered thus improving financial performance. In recommendation Hotel managers need to be trained and coached in financial management as this enabled them to be knowledgeable on how to manage hotel finances and gain basic accounting practices.

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