Research Articles (Research Publications)

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Human resource Practices and teacher engagement in the rural setting of Ugandan schools
(2014-01) Angundaru, Gladys; Lubogoyi, Bumali; Bagire, Vincent
The study sought to examine the relationship between human resource practices and teacher engagement in secondary schools in the far north district of Arua. The study was premised on the counter- productive work behaviors of some secondary school teachers working in the rural setting of Uganda. There was however, lack of local empirical studies on the factors driving this trend. Cross sectional research design was adopted for the purpose of the study using a sample of 226 respondents out of the total population size of 514 teachers in the selected local government. Pearson Correlation and regression analysis were used to find out the extent to which HR practices predict teacher engagement. The research findings showed a positive Correlation between the study variables. The study concludes that there is need for the policy makers and school administrators to introduce and effectively apply HR practices namely recruitment and selection, reward, performance management, staff development programmes and employee involvement aimed at inducing teachers’ engagement despite the upcountry setting in which they work. An earlier version of this paper was presented at the 19thAnnual international management conference of Makerere University Business School, September 2 -5, 2014.
Perceived credibility of social networking technologies in Uganda’s institutions of higher learning
(Global journals Inc. (USA), 2017) Bwiino, Keefa; Lubogoyi, Bumali; Mayoka Kituyi, Geoffrey
Purpose: The study aims to examine the influence of Perceived Credibility on the use of Social Networking Technologies (SNTs) in institutions of higher learning in Uganda. The Study evaluates the influence of Perceived Ease of Use, Perceived Usefulness and Perceived Credibility on the adoption of Social Networking Technologies. Research Methodology: The study opted for cross sectional survey methodology to gather data from 146 institutions of higher learning on the variables captured by the modified Perceived Ease of Use, Perceived Usefulness and Perceived Credibility construct. Findings: Results of correlation and regression analysis indicated that in addition to Perceived Ease of Use and Perceived Usefulness, a positive and significant relationship exists between Perceived Credibility and SNTs adoption. Research Limitations: The Study was limited to senior managers, further research is recommended to investigate the perceived credibility of SNTs by Students and Lecturers because they are the actual users of such technologies. Practical Implications: This study suggests that managers of institutions of higher learning believe that a positive change in understanding and evaluating the source credibility, media credibility and content credibility of the teaching information exchanged on SNTs would increase reliance on the use of social networking technologies in education. Originality: This research provides an insight into the influence of perceived credibility on SNT adoption in the education context and besides, this study is one of the first studies to align perceived credibility as a significant predictor of SNT adoption in institutions of higher learning in Uganda.
Perceptions of youths on government venture capital fund (The accrued empowerment benefits)
(2017) Kaziba Mpaata, Abdul; Lubogoyi, Bumali; Kakumba, Umar
The study examined the effect of Centenary Bank Loan Management of the Government Youth Venture Capital fund on the economic empowerment of the youths in Uganda. The specific objectives were; (1) to examine the relationship between the bank loan portfolio and youth empowerment benefits; (2) to analyze the relationship between the bank’s existing management regulations and the economic empowerment benefits derived by the youths; and (3) to ascertain the relationship between Centenary Bank loans management and its ability to work out problem loans amongst the youths and economically empower them. Results revealed that; (1) there is a significant and positive relationship between bank loan portfolio and youth empowerment benefits [r = .664, p < 0.0001]; (2) there is a positive and significant relationship between Centenary Bank’s existing management regulations and the economic empowerment of youths [r = .712, p < 0.0001]; and (3) there is a positive and significant relationship between Centenary Bank loans management ability to work out problem loans and youth empowerment [r = .559, p < 0.0001]. It was therefore concluded that the Government of Uganda and the responsible ministries have the obligation to ensure that the Youth Venture Capital Fund is increased so that the youths can participate in development issues which strengthen the moral system and their behavior in the community. Similarly, the findings revealed that even though some youths have the required capital, they still need to be armed with a strong moral fibre that can enable them to discard the violence approach in society, gain entrepreneurial and the relevant life skills. This requires additional interventions some of which are academic and others religious such that ethics and morality are integrated into commerce.
Quality assurance management function of the Uganda national bureau of standards (UNBS) and the perceived consumer safety in Uganda
(2017) Kaziba Mpaata, Abdul; Lubogoyi, Bumali; Okiria, John Charles
The study investigated the relationship between the quality assurance function played by UNBS and consumer safety in Kampala, Uganda. The population comprised traders and business owners in the capital city and the sample consisted of business people who had licenses issued by the bureau in the Kikuubo area, where most of the trade for imported and manufactured goods in the city takes place. The specific objectives were; (i) to determine the relationship between standardization requirement UNBS and consumer safety; (ii) to ascertain the relationship between the traders’ compliance requirement by UNBS and consumer safety; and (iii) to establish the relationship between the enforcement function performed by UNBS and consumer safety. Results revealed that there is a significant and positive relationship between consumer safety and; (1) standardization requirement [r =. 569**, p < 0.0001]; (2) traders’ compliance requirement [r =. 340**,p < 0.004]; and (3) enforcement function [r =. 688**, p < 0.0001]. Regression results however indicated that it is only the enforcement function by UNBS that has a significant and positive effect on consumer safety in the city [β = .776, t = 4.438, p < 0.0001]. It is therefore recommended that UNBS strengthens its strategies to ensure that quality products are on market and that it is not only confiscation of products but that manufacturers take full responsibility for offering substandard products to the customers including a total burn and prosecuting them in the courts of law.
Correlates of outpatient health care services in an upcountry referral hospital in Uganda: management revival strategies
(2017) Kaziba Mpaata, Abdul; Lubogoyi, Bumali; Okiria, John Charles
The study investigated the correlates of outpatient health care service at Iganga referral hospital using data that was initially collected on resource availability and patient care in the hospital. The objective was to establish the variables that correlate with outpatient health care services offered in the different units and departments of the hospital. The results indicate that the significant correlations of outpatient health care services at the hospital with; (1) child health services (r = .466**, p < 0.0001); (2) maternal health services (r = .420**, p < 0.0001); (3) STI/HIV/AIDS services (r = .304**, p < 0.010); (4) tuberculosis services (r = . 510**, p < 0.0001); (5) equipment, drugs and facilities (r = .422**, p < 0.0001); (6) adequate supervision (r = .459**, p < 0.0001); (7) infrastructure (r = .463**, p < 0.0001); (8) staff training and development (r = .283*, p < 0.017); (9) sanitation facilities (r = .317**, p < 0.007). In addition, the regression results indicate that there is one significant determinant of outpatient health care services which is patient care and attention (β = .426, T = 3.107, P < 0.003). Based on these results, it was recommended that referral hospitals in Uganda should be well managed and funded to offer regular treatment to outpatients and ensure as investigated, that doctors and drugs are readily available to patients who seek services from the hospital. Similarly, it is critical for hospital management to ensure adequate supervision, quality sanitation facilities, enough physical infrastructures and have training and development for significant outpatient health care services.
Microfinance business services and the rural community welfare in Uganda
(2017-02) Kaziba Mpaata, Abdul; Lubogoyi, Bumali; Okiria, John Charles
The study was designed to examine the relationship microfinance services and the rural community welfare in Uganda. It focused on Masaka Microfinance which is one of the oldest microfinance institutions in Uganda. The specific objectives included; (1) to establish the relationship between Masaka Microfinance services and rural community income earnings; (2) to determine the relationship between Masaka microfinance services and the resulting job creation in the community; (3) to document the relationship between Masaka microfinance services and community saving practices. A sample of 78 respondents of who were beneficiaries of Masaka Microfinance Limited was purposively contacted out of whom 52 filled and returned complete questionnaires. The results showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between Masaka Microfinance services and; (1) rural community income earnings (r = .690 p<0.0001); (2) the resulting jobs in the community (r = .540 p<0001); and (3) community saving practices (r = 736 p<0.0001). These findings imply that microfinance institutions have a significant bearing on any effort that is geared towards improving the rural community welfare. Therefore, in order to improve the rural community welfare in Uganda, government has to focus on establishing microfinance institutions as a solution to supplement the wealth creation campaign, self employment and enhancing the community saving culture.
The effect of internal audit department function on the performance ofthe iinternal control system ofa public hospital in Uganda
(2017-02) Kaziba Mpaata, Abdul; Lubogoyi, Bumali; Okiria, John Charles
This study set out to examine the effect of the internal audit department function on the performance of the internal control system in a not-profit making hospital. It focuses on Mengo Hospital in Uganda. The research was based on the premise that the hospital sector in Uganda has witnessed modest growth over the last decade with numerous financial challenges that culminated into a significant decline in service delivery. One strategy that can work to ameliorate the situation is having in place a system of internal controls that this study examines A survey questionnaire approach was used for data collection from the different departments of the hospital. The study reveals that internal audit function has significant influence on the performance of the internal control system in public hospitals through the following; (1) management and reporting of financial information (β = .648, t = 7.508,p <0.001); (2) compliance with hospital laws and regulations (β = .311, t = 2.89,p <0.005);(3) adhering to accounting procedures (β = .600, t = 6.626, p <0.001); and (4) hospital professional finance management practice (β = .567, t = 6.072, p <0.001). It was concluded therefore that for public hospitals that are not-for profit, there is an urgent need for the governing bodies and top management to ensure that the internal audit function is not only independent as a department but also that such a department is empowered to monitor, verify and control the use of funds so that all the other departments are able to sagaciously carryout their responsibilities and obligations so as to influence the general service delivery and fulfil the mission that is geared towards patient care.
The effect of customer service on the client perceived performance of Barclays Bank Uganda
(2017-02) Kaziba Mpaata, Abdul; Lubogoyi, Bumali; Okiria, John Charles
The study examined the effect of customer service on the perceived performance of Barclays Bank Jinja Uganda. It was guided by the following objectives; (1) to establish the relationship between a sustainable customer service culture and the perceived performance of Barclays Bank Uganda; (2) to determine the effect of applied banking technology on the perceived bank performance; (3) to determine the relationship between customer service relations and the perceived bank performance; and (4) to determine the moderating effect of demographic variables of age of the respondent, gender, and education on the perceived performance of the Bank. A sample comprised 58 respondents who had bank accounts and used the bank services on a routine basis. Correlation results reveal that; (1) there is a strong relationship between sustainable customer service and the perceived performance of the bank (.425**, p<0.001) and the regression results support this relationship (β = .397, t = 3.170, p<0.003); (2) there was a significant effect of applied banking technology on the perceived bank performance (β = .501, t = 4.436, p< p<0.001); (3) on the contrary, it is also revealed that there is a negative and insignificant relationship between customer service relations and perceived bank performance (r = .202, p > .128). Concerning the moderating effect of the demographic variables, only age moderated the effect of customer service on the perceived bank performance. It was concluded therefore that while Barclays Bank has maintained its competitive edge in customer service, it has significantly improve on its relationship service marketing strategies in order to preserve its core competence of an international outlook already created.
Resources availability and quality of patient care services in public hospitals in Uganda: “expert patients” perspectives
(2017-04) Kaziba Mpaata, Abdul; Okiria, John Charles; Lubogoyi, Bumali
This study set out to examine the relationship between Hospital resources availability and patient care management in a government referral hospital in Uganda. It focused on Iganga Regional Hospital which handles patients from the districts of Mayuge,Namutumba, Luuka, Kaliro, Buyende that were curved from the original Iganga district. The research was based on the premise that resources in a regional hospital must be not only available but sufficient to serve the health needs of the local community including those who seek emergency treatment. A survey questionnaire approach was used for data collection from actual patients or those who take care of them in the different units of the hospital. The specific objective was to examine the relationship between resource availability and patient care using eleven different dimensions to investigate this phenomenon in the hospital. The study revealed that there is a positive and significant correlation between hospital resources availability and patient care in all the eleven aspects studied which include; (1) Child health care services [r = .562**, p<0.0001]; (2) Maternal health services [r = .571**, p<0.0001]; (3) STI/HIV/AIDS services [r = .415**, p < 0.0001]; (4) Tuberculosis services [r = .437**, p < 0.0001]; (5) Outpatient curative services [r = .607**, p<0.0001]; (6) Supervision [r = .471**, p<0.0001]; (7) Equipment, drugs and facilities [r = .559**, p<0.0001]; (8) Infrastructure [r = .426**, p<0.0001]; (9) Availability of specialists [r = .446** p < 0.0001]; (10) Staff training and development [r = .296*, p < 0.012]; and (11) Sanitation facilities [r = .471**, p < 0.0001. It was concluded therefore that referral hospitals in Uganda should be providedwith the necessary resources in order to significantly deliver effective patient care. Similarly, hospital administrators are challenged tohave the necessary managerial competencies to effectively lead with a realistic, credible and attractive commitment to ensure that services are delivered as expected.
Financial controls and the perceived performance of the sugar factory in a family business enterprise: evidence from the Madhvani sugar factory in Uganda
(2017-04) Kaziba Mpaata, Bumali; Lubogoyi, Bumali; Okiria, John Charles
This paper examines what it takes for family businesses to succeed with a focus on the Madhvani group sugar factory in Uganda. A sample of thirty (36) supervisors was used to determine the effect of financial control practices on the perceived performance of the factory. The main purpose of the study was to examine the effect of financial controls in predicting the performance of the sugar factory which has been a success story for the family for decades now. The specific objectives were; (1) to determine the relationship between compliance with financial policies and procedures and the perceived performance of the sugar industry; (2) to establish the relationship between the application of adequate financial and management controls and the perceived performance of the sugar factory; and (3) to ascertain the effect of safeguarding assets on perceived performance of the sugar factory. Results reveal that; (i) there is a significant and positive correlation between compliance with financial policies and procedures and the perceived performance of the sugar factory [r = .774**, p<0.0001]; (ii) there is a significant and positive relationship between adequate financial and management controls and the perceived performance of the sugar factory (r = .894**,p<0.0001). Similarly, the research indicated a significant and positive correlation between safeguarding assets and the perceived performance of the factory [r = .844**, p<0.0001]. In addition, Anova results also support the tested hypothesis that there is a significant and positive main effect of financial controls on the perceived performance of the sugar factory [F = 135.921, p<0.0001]. It was concluded that family firms that strive to be well-managed with strong financial controls succeed because they are built with the financial discipline to last and survive generations. Therefore, the need for a professional administrative business approach is arguably critical for a successful family enterprise.
The Influence of District local government revenue collection on delivery of basic community services in Uganda
(2017-04) Kaziba Mpaata, Abdul; Lubogoyi, Bumali; Okiria, John Charles
The study examined the influence of local government revenue collection on the delivery of services in Masaka which is one of the oldest districts in Uganda. It focused on the following specific objectives; (1) the relationship between the existing tax base on service delivery; (2) the relationship between the existing mobilization capacity and service delivery; and (3) the effect of practicing transparency on the delivery of services in the district. The sample comprised market vendors and other small scale entrepreneurs who pay local tax in the district. Purposive sampling was employed in that only those local community members who pay taxes to the district authorities from their businesses were studied. This technique yielded sixty (60) respondents out of whom 23 were female. Results reveal that; (1) there is a positive and significant relationship between the existing tax base and the delivery of basic community services in the district [r = .382, p < 0.03]; (2) there is also a significant relationship between the existing mobilization capacity and the delivery of basic community services [r = .419**, p < 0.0001] However, alternative hypothesis for study objective (3) was not supported in that there was a negative and insignificant relationship between the existing transparency and the delivery of basic community services[r = .088, p> .504]. It was therefore recommended that if district local governments are to succeed in their revenue collection efforts, there must be significant steps taken to ensure that there is transparency in terms of tax assessment, award of tender and the general procurement of district services.
Government funding and resources availability in the delivery of primary education in Uganda
(2017-04) Kaziba Mpaata, Abdul; Lubogoyi, Bumali; Okiria, John Charles
This study focused on the relationship between government funding and the resource availability in the delivery of primary education in Uganda The focus was on one of the upcountry districts of Mubende in Uganda which is among the many with grappling challenges in making up first grades at the Primary Leaving Examination level. The specific objectives were; (1) to determine the relationship between government funding and the availability of teachers, teaching and learning; (2) to ascertain the relationship between government funding and pupil accessibility to UPE schools; and (3) to examine the relationship between government funding and the availability of physical facilities in UPE schools. The sample comprised 102 stakeholders from ten (10) UPE schools who were selected from the district using simple random sampling. Results reveal that despite the national will and subvention that government continues to provide to schools at this level, there are still significant challenges with the availability of quality teachers, teaching and learning (r = .828, p<0.0001), accessibility (r = .398, p<0.0001) and the overall physical facilities in place are lacking and insignificant (r = .134, p>.180). It was concluded by a reminder that since the education is the yardstick that measures the achievements and aspirations of the nation, there is urgent need for government to not only significantly increase the funds allocated to UPE, but also provide it in a timely and continuous manner to enable education be offered with quality. It was finally observed that all stakeholders have a duty to ensure accessibility by all pupils who are beneficiaries at this level by playing their roles as parents and support the schools to ensure an attractive and/or conducive learning environment.
The relationship between supervisory leadership and healthcare service delivery in public hospitals in uganda: a personnel management issue
(2017-08) Kaziba Mpaata, Abdul; Lubogoyi, Bumali; Kakumba, Umar
The study examined the relationship between supervisory leadership provided by Iganga General Hospital in Uganda and healthcare service delivery. The main objective was to examine the relationship between supervisory leadership practiced in the hospital and perceived healthcare service delivery in Iganga General Hospital. The specific objectives were; (1) to determine the relationship between supervisory leadership and child and maternal healthcare services offered to patients; (2) to analyze the relationship between supervisory leadership and STI/HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis services; and (3) to assess the relationship between supervisory leadership and outpatient curative services. Results revealed that; (1) there is a significant relationship between supervisory leadership and; (i) child healthcare services (r = .374**, p < 0.0001); and (ii) maternal healthcare services (r = .460**, p < 0.0001). Similarly, there is a significant relationship between supervisory leadership and ; (i) STI/HIV/AIDS services (r = .349**, p < 0.003); and (ii) tuberculosis services (r = .409**, p < 0.0001). As expected, supervisory leadership associated significantly with outpatient curative services (r = .459**, p < 0.0001). Based on the findings; it was recommended that referral hospitals in Uganda and elsewhere should not neglect the supervisory leadership role emphasized in the human resource management literature to ensure significant service delivery in the various departments and units of such hospitals. In addition, government should motivate the hospital staff so that the supervisory leadership function is demonstrated with confidence and character.
The curse of financial decentralization to the upcountry districts in Uganda: the neglected service delivery correlates
(2018-06) Kaziba Mpaata, Abdul; Lubogoyi, Bumali
The study identified the variables in the financial decentralization policy that have been neglected so as to render local government service delivery a nightmare in Uganda using the upcountry district of Mbale. The population comprised Mbale Municipality administration covering employees in the office of the town clerk, finance department, health department, education department, engineering and works department and internal audit department. The specific objectives were; (1) to establish the relationship between various aspects of financial reporting and accounting and service delivery under the current decentralization; (2) to examine the relationship between the existing planning and budgeting practices and service delivery; and (3) to analyze the relationship between management of funds and service delivery. Results of the study confirm a positive and significant relationship between financial reporting, and accounting practices and the expected service delivery under the current decentralization [r = .832**, p < 0.0001]; (2) there is a positive and significant relationship between the existing planning and budgeting practices and service delivery [r = .752**, p < 0.0001]; and (3) there is a positive and significant relationship between financial management and service delivery [r = .911**, p < 0.0001]. It was concluded that financial reporting, accounting, planning and meaningful budgeting in the management of funds are key service delivery correlates that local governments must adhere to in order to ameliorate and reverse the trend that is leading financial decentralization to be a curse. It was recommended therefore that the central government should have a strategy to see distant things like local governments that are in the rural setting as if they were close and to take a distant view of close things like municipalities within and around the Capital City.
Knowledge Management, Social Capital, Innovation and Business Performance of SME's in Uganda.
(2023) Kiconco, Brendah
The purpose of this study was to establish the relationship between knowledge management, social capital, innovation and SME business performance in Uganda. The study was based on three objectives; to examine the relationship between knowledge management and SME business performance in Kampala; to investigate the relationship between social capital and SME business performance in Kampala and lastly to examine the relationship between innovation and SME business performance in Kampala A cross-sectional survey design that applied a quantitative approach to the study was adopted to capture views, attitude and opinions of various respondents. Questionnaires were used to source quantitative information. The population of the study was 9969 registered SMEs in Kampala and the sample size was of 370 determined by applying Krejcie and Morgan (1970). Simple random sampling method was used for selection of respondents and data was analyzed using SPSS to establish the reliability, correlation and regression results. The correlation results showed an existence of a significant and positive association between knowledge management and SME business performance in Kampala (r=.120, p<0.05). There was a significant and positive association between social capital and SME business performance in Kampala (r=.347, p<0.01) and then, there also existed a significant and positive association between innovation and SME business performance in Kampala (r=.748, p<0.01). The regression results however revealed that revealed F=133.180, Sig<0.05 in relation to the independent variables of knowledge management, social capital and innovation which affirmed the statistical significant predictability of these variables to be associated with the dependent variable and results further indicated knowledge management (beta=.082, p<0.05); social capital (beta=.105, p<0.05) and innovation (beta=.709, p<0.05), all combined together are significant predictors of SME business performance. Therefore, combined together, independent variables explained 57.2% of variance in SMEs business performance in Kampala. However, innovation was found to be the most significant predictor of SME business performance in Kampala. Consequently, the researcher recommended SMEs with the desire to generate higher performance through sustainable competitive advantage start investing in research and development; Many managing directors, employees and managers do not necessarily classify social capital as a critical resource that can be utilized to enhance firm performance. To curtail this issue, it is imperative for individual firms, government and other key stakeholders in charge of the SME sector in Uganda to organize periodic workshops and training programs on social capital practices and utilization as a rare asset for reaping higher performance.

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