Browsing by Author "Saganda, Erasto Mathias"

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    Household Cooking Fuel Choices in Tanzania: Evidence from Panel Data.
    (Makerere University Business School, 2025-12-11) Saganda, Erasto Mathias
    This study investigates the determinants of household cooking fuel choices in Tanzania, where the reliance on traditional biomass fuels remains prevalent despite ongoing policy efforts to promote clean energy alternatives. The study tested three main hypotheses: (H01) that a household’s tenure system is not significantly influences cooking fuel choice; (H02) that access to credit has no effect on the probability of adopting cleaner fuels; and (H03) that the type of food commonly prepared is not statistically significance with the type of cooking fuel used. The analysis draws on two waves (2014/15 and 2020/21) of panel data from the Tanzania National Panel Survey (TNPS), comprising 5,465 household observations. A random-effects ordered logistic regression model was employed to account for the ordinal structure of the dependent variable—categorized into traditional (firewood and charcoal), transitional (kerosene), and modern (LPG, electricity, biogas) fuels—while controlling for household-specific unobserved heterogeneity. Findings show that tenure system was a significant determinant: households that own their homes are less likely to use modern fuels compared to renters. However, the effects of credit access and food type are statistically insignificant, leading to a failure to reject the null hypotheses for H2 and H3. Additional results indicate that factors such as higher education levels, increased income, formal employment, urban residency, and smaller household size significantly increase the likelihood of using modern fuels. The study contributes to the literature by employing panel data to analyse energy transition behaviours using a ranked fuel-choice framework. It provides policy-relevant insights into the social, economic, and locational barriers to clean cooking adoption. The research recommends tenure-sensitive incentives, energy financing innovations, and targeted rural infrastructure investments to accelerate clean energy uptake in Tanzania. Suggestions for future research include the integration of geospatial energy access variables and intra-household decision dynamics.